M\"{o}ller and Bhabha scattering in the noncommutative standard model

We study the M\"{o}ller and Bhabha scattering in the noncommutative extension of the standard model(SM) using the Seiberg-Witten maps of this to first order of the noncommutative parameter $\theta_{\mu \nu}$. We look at the angular distribution $d\sigma/d\Omega$ to explore the noncommutativity of space-time at around $\Lambda_{NC} \sim$ TeV and find that the distribution deviates significantly from the one obtained from the commutative version of the standard model.Comment: 15 pages, 14 eps figures.Text is modified a little and version to appear in Phys.Rev.

Escalator design features evaluation

Escalators are available with design features such as dual speed (90 and 120 fpm), mat operation and flat steps. These design features were evaluated based on the impact of each on capital and operating costs, traffic flow, and safety. A human factors engineering model was developed to analyze the need for flat steps at various speeds. Mat operation of escalators was found to be cost effective in terms of energy savings. Dual speed operation of escalators with the higher speed used during peak hours allows for efficient operation. A minimum number of flat steps required as a function of escalator speed was developed to ensure safety for the elderly

Evaluation of ADAM/1 model for advanced coal extraction concepts

Several existing computer programs for estimating life cycle cost of mining systems were evaluated. A commercially available program, ADAM/1 was found to be satisfactory in relation to the needs of the advanced coal extraction project. Two test cases were run to confirm the ability of the program to handle nonconventional mining equipment and procedures. The results were satisfactory. The model, therefore, is recommended to the project team for evaluation of their conceptual designs

Use of spent Potlining from the Aluminium Electrolytic cell as an additive to Arc Furnace Steel Melting and Cupola iron Melting in Steel industries

Use of arc furnace steel melting is increasing very fast due to certain advantages offered by it. It is carried out with industrial coke (nut coke and petro coke) as an additive for composition adjustment and carbon pick up by the steel, while in cupola iron melting this coke is used mainly as fuel. Low quality coke can also be used for these purposes. The cost of production increases to a considerable extent due to use of the industrial coke. Efforts are going on to replace the same without affecting the properties of the product. Spent potlinings or SPL (waste cathode lining material from aluminium smelters) may be one of such material. It has 45- 50% of carbon in addition to other impurities as calcium oxide (CaO), iron oxide (FeO), silica (SiO2), alumina (A12O3), sodium fluoride (NaF), sodium cyanide (NaCN) etc. The toxic nature of spent potlining due to presence of cyanide and fluoride requires safe disposal. One way of disposing this is to use it in arc furnace steel melting and cupola iron melting in iron and steel industries. Western countries use this material in arc furnace steel melting for composition adjustment and as supplementary fuel in cupola iron melting, thus reduce the pollution hazards which may occur due to the storage of this material. Quality wise it resembles the low grade coke used in steel industries for different purposes. Financially it is found much cheaper as compared with conventionally used coke. There is an urgent need to assess the same material under Indian context. The requirements of the iron and steel making process and the characteristics of the SPL material are considered in this paper with a view to explore the possibility of its use in the steel industries

Rail transit fare collection: Policy and technology assessment

The impact of fare policies and fare structure on the selection of equipment was investigated, fare collection systems are described, hardware and technology related problems are documented, and the requirements of a fare collection simulation model are outlined. Major findings include: (1) a wide variation in the fare collection systems and equipment, caused primarily by historical precedence; (2) the reliability of AFC equipment used at BART and WMATA discouraged other properties from considering use of similar equipment; (3) existing equipment may not meet the fare collection needs of properties in the near future; (4) the cost of fare collection operation and maintenance is high; and (5) the relatively small market in fare collection equipment discourages new product development by suppliers. Recommendations for fare collection R&D programs include development of new hardware to meet rail transit needs, study of impacts of alternate fare policies increased communication among policymakers, and consensus on fare policy issues

Curriculum Vitae (Feminae): Biography and Early American Women Lawyers

In this review, Carol Sanger examines the recent surge of interest in the lives of early women lawyers. Using Jane Friedman\u27s biography of Myra Bradwell, America\u27s First Woman Lawyer, as a starting point, Professor Sanger explores the complexities for the feminist biographer of reconciling for herself and for her subject conflicting professional, political, and personal sensibilities. Professor Sanger concludes that to advance the project of women\u27s history, feminist biographers ought not retreat to the comforts of commemorative Victorian biography, even for Victorian subject, but should instead strive to present and accept early women subjects on their own complex terms

Constraints on the phase γ\gamma and new physics from B→KπB\to K\pi Decays

Recent results from CLEO on $B\to K\pi$ indicate that the phase $\gamma$ may be substantially different from that obtained from other fit to the KM matrix elements in the Standard Model. We show that $\gamma$ extracted using $B\to K\pi, \pi\pi$ is sensitive to new physics occurring at loop level. It provides a powerful method to probe new physics in electroweak penguin interactions. Using effects due to anomalous gauge couplings as an example, we show that within the allowed ranges for these couplings information about $\gamma$ obtained from $B\to K \pi, \pi\pi$ can be very different from the Standard Model prediction.Comment: Revised version with analysis done using new data from CLEO. RevTex, 11 Pages with two figure

CP-Violation For B→Xsl+l−B \to X_sl^+l^- Including Long-Distance Effects

We consider the CP violating effect for $B\to X_sl^+l^-$ process, including both short and long distance effects. We obtain the CP asymmetry parameter and present its variation over the dilepton mass.Comment: 9 pages, Latex file, one figure include